David McClelland

3 Types of Need or Motivation
Over the years behavioral scientists have observed that some people have an intense need to achieve; others, perhaps the majority, do not seem to be as concerned about achievement. This phenomenon has fascinated David C. McClelland. For over twenty years he and his associates at Harvard University studied this urge to achieve.

McClelland’s research led him to believe that the need … [ Read more ]

Chris Argyris

One of the key figures in the Human Relations Movement, which reached its peak in the 60’s and 70’s, Argyris argues for the recognition that organisational goals and personal goals of the employees are (usually) in conflict.

In the formal organisation, he says that employees are expected to be passive and subordinate, to accept little control over their work, to have a short term outlook, … [ Read more ]